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Introduction:

The healthcare industry is constantly evolving and payment systems play a crucial role in the delivery of healthcare services. As a Harvard University Professor, it is important to understand the various payment systems used globally, including their structures, advantages, disadvantages, and risks. In this assignment, we will evaluate two global payment systems in healthcare, and discuss how pay for performance can be integrated into these systems.

1. Define the structure of the payment systems:

The two payment systems we will evaluate are capitation and fee-for-service. Capitation is a payment method where healthcare providers receive a set fee for each patient enrolled in the plan, regardless of the number of services provided. On the other hand, fee-for-service is a payment method where healthcare providers are reimbursed for each service rendered to patients.

2. Identify risk to loss of revenue in each system:

In capitation, healthcare providers face the risk of underutilization of services leading to loss of revenue. Providers may feel reluctant to refer patients to specialists or order expensive diagnostic tests as it may lead to an increase in costs and reduce their profits. In fee-for-service, healthcare providers face the risk of overutilization of services. Providers may order unnecessary tests, procedures, and surgeries to increase their revenue, which can increase the overall cost of healthcare.

3. Describe advantages and disadvantages of each system:

Capitation promotes a team-based approach to healthcare delivery as providers are incentivized to work together to provide comprehensive care and prevent illnesses. It also encourages preventive care and reduces unnecessary medical procedures. However, it may lead to underutilization of services and has the potential to compromise the quality of care provided.

Fee-for-service promotes a patient-centered approach to healthcare delivery and allows providers to be reimbursed for the services they provide. It also promotes innovation and technology advancement in the healthcare industry. However, it may lead to overutilization of services, increased healthcare costs, and can also compromise the quality of care provided.

4. Identify how pay for performance can be added to each payment system:

Pay for performance can be added to capitation by tying provider payments to specific quality measures and outcomes. Providers can be incentivized to meet certain quality metrics, such as the number of patients seen, the number of preventive screenings completed, and the number of chronic diseases managed effectively.

In fee-for-service, pay for performance can be included by tying provider payments to specific quality measures and outcomes. Providers can be incentivized to meet certain quality metrics, such as patient satisfaction, care coordination, and the number of complications and readmissions.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, there are several payment systems used globally in healthcare, and each has its unique advantages and disadvantages. Capitation and fee-for-service are two common payment methods used in healthcare delivery. As a Harvard University Professor, studying these payment systems helps to provide a better understanding of the healthcare industry and facilitates better healthcare delivery. Integrating pay for performance into these payment systems can also help to improve the quality of care provided by healthcare providers.